Ship windows, commonly referred to as marine windows or portholes, play a pivotal role in the design and operation of maritime vessels. These windows are integral components of ship architecture, serving essential functions such as providing natural illumination, facilitating vision, and enabling ventilation. However, they face unique challenges due to exposure to extreme environmental...

Marine windows, commonly referred to as ship windows or portholes, play a vital role in the design and functionality of marine vessels. As integral components of ship architecture, these windows serve essential functions such as providing natural illumination, supporting visibility, enabling ventilation, and ensuring emergency access. However, their unique exposure to harsh environmental...